I-FTSE 100 Isheshi Eliphilayo Nokuhlaziywa

I-FTSE 100: isilinganiso esiyinhloko saseLondon, sichaziwe

I-FTSE 100 yisilinganiso semakethe yesitoko esaziwa kakhulu saseUnited Kingdom. Silandelela izinkampani ezingu-100 ezinkulu kunazo zonke ezibhaliswe e-London Stock Exchange, zihlelwe ngenani lemakethe eliphelele, intengo yesabelo iphindaphindwe ngenani lamasheya akhishiwe. Yaqalwa ngo-3 Januwari 1984, ibalwa ngesikhathi sangempela, ishicilelwa yonke isekhondi imakethe ivuliwe, futhi ihlolwa njalo emakotileni ukuze izinkampani zingene noma ziphume njengoba ubukhulu bazo bushintsha. Osomabhizinisi bavame ukuyibiza ngokuthi "Footsie," futhi abaningi bayithatha njengendlela esheshayo yokubona indlela izinkampani ezinkulu zase-UK ezenza ngayo.

Lokho kucabanga kokugcina kudinga ukubuka kabusha, ngoba i-FTSE 100 ayibona bantu baseBrithani njengoba igama layo lisho. Izinkampani zibhaliswe eLondon, kodwa iningi lemali ezenzayo lithathwa kwenye indawo.

Ishadi elingacacile elikhanyayo lesilinganiso sesitoko sase-UK phezu kwesithombe esakhelwe se-City of London ngombala we-indigo omnyama nge-cyan negolide — I-FTSE 100 ibhaliswe eLondon, kodwa inzuzo yayo yabalekile emhlabeni jikelele.

Isilinganiso esihlala phesheya

Cishe amaphesenti angu-75 emali engenayo ehlanganisiwe ethathwa amalungu e-FTSE 100 ivela ngaphandle kwe-UK, iningi layo ngedola yase-US. Lokhu kukhiqiza uphawu olubaluleke kakhulu lwesilinganiso: iphawundi ebuthaka ingahle ngempela ikhuphule i-FTSE 100. Uma i-sterling iwa maqondana nedola, izinzuzo zangaphandle zalezi zinkampani ziba nenani elikhulu uma sezihunyushwa zibuyiselwa ngamaphawundi, ngakho izinzuzo zazo ezibikiwe kanye namanani amasheya kungakhuphuka ngisho noma uhlobo lwemali luthambeka. Yisinye sezizathu zokuthi ngezinye izikhathi i-FTSE 100 iyakhuphuka ngezinsuku i-GBP/USD ishelela, ukuziphatha okudida noma ubani olindele ukuthi "isilinganiso sase-UK" simane sibonise umnotho wase-UK.

Uhlangothi olusongelene nalo lukhona nalo. Iphawundi eqinile ingaba nomoya ophambene, inciphise inani elihunyushiwe lezinzuzo zangaphandle. Ngenxa yalolu xhumano loshintsho lwemali, i-FTSE 100 ivame ukuziphatha njengesimeleli sokukhula komhlaba jikelele nedola kunokuba ibe simeleli somgwaqo omkhulu wase-UK. Ukuze uthole umbono ogxile kakhudlwana ekhaya kwe-UK, abatshalizimali bavame ukubheka isilinganiso se-FTSE 250 esiphakathi nendawo eceleni kwaso.

Ukuchema kwamandla, imayini, amabhange kanye nezimpahla eziyisisekelo

Isakhiwo se-FTSE 100 sibonisa umnotho omdala, ogxile enanini kunombono ogcwele ubuchwepheshe wezilinganiso zase-US. Ichemela kakhulu emkhakheni owahlukene wezimboni ezikhulayo neziqinile: izinkampani ezinkulu zamandla ezinjenge-Shell ne-BP; amaqembu emayini afaka i-Rio Tinto, i-Glencore ne-Anglo American; amabhange njenge-HSBC, i-Barclays ne-Lloyds; izimpahla eziyisisekelo zabathengi ezinjenge-Unilever ne-Diageo; kanye namagama amakhulu emithi afaka i-AstraZeneca ne-GSK. Amabhange, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo, izimpahla zezimboni namandla ngokuhlanganyela kwakha ingxenye enkulu yenani eliphelele lesilinganiso.

Lokhu kwakheka kubalulekile. Ngokungaphathi kakhulu ubuchwepheshe obukhula ngokushesha kanye nokuphatha okuningi kwezimpahla eziyisisekelo namabhange, i-FTSE 100 ivame ukunikeza izinzuzo zezabelo eziphezulu maqondana futhi inyakaze ngendlela ehlukile ku-Nasdaq noma ngisho ne-DAX 40. Ungaqhathanisa ukuziphatha kwayo namanye amazinga kuhlolwe kwethu ku-zonke izimakethe.

Yini ngempela eshukumisa i-FTSE 100

Amandla amane enza iningi lomsebenzi:

Iphawundi. Ngomphumela wokuhunyushwa ochaziwe ngenhla, ukunyakaza kwe-sterling kungadudula isilinganiso ngisho noma kungekho okunye okushintshayo.
Amanani ezimpahla eziyisisekelo. Uwoyela olungahluziwe lungena ngokuqondile ku-Shell ne-BP, kuyilapho i-iron ore, i-copper negolide kuqhuba amaqembu emayini. Ukunyakaza okukhulu kuwoyela noma amaluminyuma kungashintsha isilinganiso sonke, kwesinye isikhathi ngesikhathi ezinye izimakethe zaseYurophu zilingene.
I-Bank of England. Izinqumo zamazinga enzalo, isiqondiso kanye nokuqinisa noma ukudedela ukungenambizo kuthinta izindleko zemali yezinkampani ezibhaliswe e-UK kanye nezinga le-sterling, ngakho imihlangano ye-BoE iyaqinisekisa ukwandisa ukuguquguquka.
Ukukhula komhlaba jikelele. Ngoba amalungu athola inzuzo emhlabeni wonke, isilinganiso sivame ukuba nomuzwa maqondana nedatha yase-US, yaseYurophu neyaseChina njengoba kunjalo ngezinombolo zase-UK.

Amanani engenayo omhlaba jikelele ageleza engena kumugqa owodwa okhanyayo wesilinganiso sase-UK oxhunyiwe kuphawu lwephawundi elakhelwe, u-navy omnyama nge-cyan negolide — Imali engenayo yangaphandle kanye nephawundi kuhlangana ukuze kushukumise iningi lokunyakaza kwe-FTSE 100.

Indlela yokufunda ishadi eliphila

Ishadi le-TradingView eliphila elingenhla likhombisa i-FTSE 100 ngesikhathi sangempela phakathi nezikhathi zohwebo lwaseLondon. Qala ngesikhathi: umbono wansuku zonke noma weviki ukhombisa umkhuba obanzi, kuyilapho imibono yosuku ithatha ukuphendula kokumenyezelwa kwe-BoE noma ukunyakaza kwentengo yowoyela. Bheka lapho intengo ihlala khona maqondana nokuhamba okuphindaphindwayo, njengemigqa yezinsuku ezingu-50 nezingu-200, ukuze uhlole amandla, futhi uphawule amazinga aphezulu naphansi angaphambilini avame ukusebenza njengokusekela noma ukuvimbela.

Ukuze uthole umbono ojulile, bheka i-GBP/USD kanye nentengo yowoyela eceleni kwesilinganiso. Uma i-FTSE 100 ikhuphuka kuyilapho iphawundi liwa, umphumela wokuhunyushwa kohlobo lwemali cishe usebenza kunamandla eqiniso ezinkampanini. Ukuqhuma kwevolumu nezikhala ezinkulu zosuku olulodwa ngokuvamile kuhambisana nezenzakalo ezinkulu zomnotho, izinqumo zezikhungo zemali ezimele noma ushukela wezimpahla eziyisisekelo. Ukufunda ishadi kanyekanye nalezi zinto eziqhubayo kunikeza umbono ocace kakhudlwana kunentengo yodwa.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa

Iyini i-FTSE 100?

Yisilinganiso sezinkampani ezingu-100 ezinkulu kunazo zonke ezibhaliswe e-London Stock Exchange, zihlelwe ngenani lemakethe. Yaqalwa ngo-1984 futhi ihlolwa njalo emakotileni, iyisilinganiso esiyinhloko semakethe yesitoko sase-UK.

Kungani iphawundi ebuthaka ingakhuphula i-FTSE 100?

Cishe amaphesenti angu-75 emali engenayo yamalungu ivela ngaphandle, ivamise ngamadola. Lapho i-sterling iwa, lezo zinzuzo zangaphandle zihunyushwa zibe amaphawundi amaningi kakhudlwana, okungakhulisa izinzuzo ezibikiwe namanani amasheya ngisho noma uhlobo lwemali luthambeka.

Yiziphi izimboni eziphethe i-FTSE 100?

Isilinganiso sichemela izinkampani ezinkulu zamandla, imayini, amabhange, izimpahla eziyisisekelo zabathengi kanye namafemu amakhulu emithi. Sinokuphathwa okuncane kobuchwepheshe uma kuqhathaniswa nezilinganiso zase-US, okusinika isimo esigxile enanini nezinzuzo eziphezulu.

Yiziphi izinto eziyinhloko eziqhuba i-FTSE 100?

Iphawundi, amanani ezimpahla eziyisisekelo njengowoyela namaluminyuma, inqubomgomo ye-Bank of England kanye nokukhula komnotho womhlaba jikelele. Ngoba amalungu athola inzuzo emhlabeni wonke, idatha yangaphandle ingabaluleka njengezinombolo zase-UK.

Ingabe i-FTSE 100 iyisilinganiso esihle somnotho wase-UK?

Ingxenye nje. Njengoba iningi lenzuzo livela ngaphandle kwe-UK, isilinganiso sibonisa izimo zomhlaba jikelele nedola kunomnotho wasekhaya. I-FTSE 250 ivame ukubukwa njengesilinganiso esigxile kakhudlwana ku-UK.

Ngingalifunda kanjani ishadi le-FTSE 100?

Khetha isikhathi ukuze ubone umkhuba, qhathanisa intengo nokuhamba okuphindaphindwayo namazinga aphezulu naphansi angaphambilini, futhi ubheke i-GBP/USD noyoyela eceleni kwaso ukuze uqonde ukuthi uhlobo lwemali noma izimpahla eziyisisekelo yikho okuqhuba ukunyakaza.

Lesi sihloko sisenzelwe injongo yolwazi kuphela futhi akusona iseluleko sokutshala imali.