I-DAX 40: Isilinganiso Esiyinhloko Sezimboni Ezinkulu ZaseJalimane
I-DAX 40 (Deutscher Aktienindex) yisilinganiso sesitoko esiyinhloko saseJalimane, esilandelela izinkampani ezingu-40 ezinkulu kunazo zonke futhi eziyingxenye evelele kakhulu yezimakethe ezibhaliswe e-Frankfurt Stock Exchange. Yisinye sezilinganiso eziholayo eYurophu futhi ivame ukufundwa kanye ne-FTSE 100 yase-UK ne-Dow Jones yase-US njengesilinganiso somqondo wemakethe yesifunda. Ngoba iJalimane iyimboni enkulu kunazo zonke esifundeni esisebenzisa i-euro, i-DAX ikutshela okuningi ngendlela abatshalizimali abazizwa ngayo hhayi nje ngamabhizinisi aseJalimane kodwa ngokukhula kwaseYurophu jikelele.
Lesi silinganiso sihlelwa yi-Deutsche Borse kusetshenziswa indlela ye-free-float, esisindwa ngenani lemakethe, ngakho izinkampani ezinkulu kunazo zonke zinethonya elikhulu kunazo zonke kuwo wonke umbono. Amalungu ayo ngokuhlanganyela amele cishe amaphesenti angu-80 enani lemakethe elibhaliswe eJalimane. Ekupheleni kuka-2020, ngemuva kwesiga sokubalwa kwezimali se-Wirecard, i-Deutsche Borse yamemezela ukwandiswa okusuka ku-30 kuya ku-40 kwamalungu kanye nokuqiniswa kwemithetho yokubhalisa nokubika. Lolu shintsho lwaqala ukusebenza ngo-2021, yingakho uzobona womabili "DAX" kanye "DAX 40" kusetshenziswa ukuchaza lesi silinganiso esifanayo namuhla.
Isilinganiso senzuzo ephelele esinokuchema ngasezimbonini
Uphawu olulodwa oluhlukanisa i-DAX kwabanye ozakwabo bamazwe ngamazwe ukuthi inguqulo yayo eyinhloko ibalwa ngendlela yenzuzo ephelele. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinzuzo ezikhokhwa izinkampani ezingamalungu ziphinde zifakwe emuva ekubalweni kwesilinganiso, esikhundleni sokukhishwa. Izilinganiso zenzuzo yentengo ezinjenge-S&P 500 ezivela phezulu zibonisa kuphela ushintsho lwentengo yesitoko. Ngenxa yalokho, izinga lenzuzo ephelele le-DAX livame ukubonakala liphakeme kunesikhathi eside kunesilinganiso sentengo esifanayo, ngakho qaphela lapho uqhathanisa amanani aphelele esilinganiso ezimakethe ezahlukene. Inguqulo yesilinganiso sentengo ehlukile ye-DAX ikhona nayo ukuqhathanisa okuqondile.
I-DAX iphinde ithwale isimo esithembele kakhulu ekuthumeleni ngaphandle nasezimbonini. Ubulungu bayo bugcwele izinkampani zezimoto, amaqembu amakhemikhali, amafemu ezobunjiniyela nezingxenye zezimboni, abaqinisekisi kanye nezinkampani zesofthiwe. Ingxenye enkulu yesilinganiso ngesisindo iyezimboni nokuguquguqukayo, futhi amalungu amaningi athola ingxenye enkulu kunengxenye engaphezu kwesigamu yemali angena ngayo ngaphandle kweJalimane. Loko kuba khona emhlabeni jikelele yisici esibalulekile se-DAX: iyindlela yokutshala imali ohwebweni lomhlaba nasekuchithweni kwemali kwezimboni njengoba kunjalo kumthengi wangekhaya waseJalimane.
Yini eshukumisa i-DAX
Amandla amaningana avame ukuqhuba lesi silinganiso, futhi avame ukuxhumana:
- Inqubomgomo ye-ECB. Amathemba maqondana namazinga enzalo e-European Central Bank avame ukuba isihloko esibusa kakhulu. Amazinga enzalo aphansi anciphisa isaphulelo esisetshenziswa ezinzuzweni zezinkampani ezizayo futhi angakhulisa amanani ezitoko, kanti ushintsho oluqinile lungasindwa kulesi silinganiso.
- I-euro. Kuvame ukuba khona ubuhlobo obuphambene phakathi kohlobo lwemali nesilinganiso. I-euro eqinile yenza ukuthengiswa kwezimpahla zaseJalimane ngaphandle kubize kakhudlwana futhi kucindezele izinkampani ezinkulu, kuyilapho i-euro ebuthaka ingahle yenze izinzuzo zangaphandle zibonakale zingcono lapho zihunyushwa zibuyiselwa ekhaya.
- Ukukhiqizwa kweJalimane nomhlaba wonke. Idatha ye-PMI yokukhiqizwa yaseJalimane namaoda ezimboni kuyizinto okumele uziqaphele njalo. Ama-oda amasha abuthaka nesidingo esibuthaka sokuthumela ngaphandle kudlisela ukwesaba kokwehla komnotho, kuyilapho idatha ethuthukayo isekela isisindo esikhulu sezimboni sesilinganiso. Ngoba iJalimane ithengisa imishini, izimoto namakhemikhali emhlabeni, ukukhula komhlaba jikelele kubaluleke njengombono wasekhaya.
- Amanani amandla. Isisekelo sezimboni zaseJalimane sisebenzisa amandla amaningi, ngakho ukuguquguquka kwezindleko zegesi yemvelo namandla kungathinta ngokuqondile amamajini okukhiqiza nomuzwa.
Indlela yokufunda ishadi eliphila
Ishadi le-TradingView eliphila kuleli khasi likuvumela ukulandela i-DAX ngesikhathi sangempela futhi ushintshe izikhathi. Ukuze ufunde ngokushesha, qala ngemibono yansuku zonke neyeviki ukuze ubone umkhuba obanzi, bese ugxila ezikhwameni zosuku ukuze ubone ukunyakaza kwamanje. Bheka indlela isilinganiso esiphendula ngayo eduze kwezenzakalo ezihleliwe njengemihlangano ye-ECB, i-PMI yaseJalimane nezinombolo zokuqhamuka kwentengo, kanye nezinzuzo ezinkulu zamalungu amakhulu. Ukuqhuma kwevolumu nezikhala eduze kwalezi zikhathi zivame ukumaka ukushintsha komuzwa. Ukuqhathanisa i-DAX ne-FTSE 100 noma ukubuka zonke izimakethe kungakusiza ukwahlulela ukuthi ukunyakaza kuqondene neJalimane noma kuyingxenye yomkhuba obanzi waseYurophu.
Lesi sihloko sisenzelwe injongo yolwazi kuphela futhi akusona iseluleko sokutshala imali. Izilinganiso zingase ziguquguquke, futhi ukusebenza kwangaphambilini akuqinisekisi imiphumela yesikhathi esizayo. Njalo yenza ucwaningo lwakho ngaphambi kokwenza noma yisiphi isinqumo sezimali.
Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa
Iyini i-DAX 40?
I-DAX 40 yisilinganiso sesitoko esiholayo saseJalimane. Silandelela izinkampani ezingu-40 ezinkulu kunazo zonke futhi eziyingxenye evelele kunazo zonke ezibhaliswe e-Frankfurt Stock Exchange futhi sisetshenziswa kabanzi njengesilinganiso sasemakethe yaseJalimane nowaseYurophu jikelele.
Kungani ithiwa DAX 40 hhayi DAX 30?
Lesi silinganiso ekuqaleni sasinezinkampani ezingu-30. Ngemuva kwesiga se-Wirecard, i-Deutsche Borse yasandisa yaba namalungu angu-40 futhi yaqinisa imithetho yayo, lolu shintsho lwaqala ukusebenza ngo-2021. "DAX" ne-"DAX 40" manje kuqondene nesilinganiso esifanayo.
Ingabe i-DAX iyisilinganiso senzuzo ephelele?
Inguqulo yayo eyinhloko ibalwa ngendlela yenzuzo ephelele, okusho ukuthi izinzuzo ziphinde zifakwe kusona lesi silinganiso. Inguqulo yesilinganiso sentengo ehlukile ikhona nayo. Yingakho izinga eliphambili le-DAX lingabonakala liphakeme uma liqhathaniswa nezilinganiso zentengo kuphela kwamanye amazwe.
Yiziphi izinto eziyinhloko eziqhuba i-DAX?
Izinto eziyinhloko zihlanganisa inqubomgomo yamazinga enzalo ye-ECB, izinga lohwebo lwe-euro, idatha yokukhiqizwa yaseJalimane nomhlaba jikelele, kanye namanani amandla. Ngoba amalungu amaningi agxile ekuthumeleni ngaphandle, ohwebo lomhlaba nokukhula komhlaba jikelele kubaluleke kakhulu.
I-euro ithinta kanjani i-DAX?
Ubuhlobo buvame ukuphambana. I-euro eqinile yenza ukuthumela ngaphandle kweJalimane kubize kakhulu futhi kungasindwa kwizinkampani ezinkulu, kuyilapho i-euro ebuthaka ivame ukwenza izinzuzo zangaphandle zibonakale zingcono futhi kusekele isilinganiso.
Ngingalifunda kanjani ishadi le-DAX eliphila?
Qala ngemibono yansuku zonke neyeviki ukuze ubone umkhuba, bese usebenzisa izikhwama zosuku ukuze ubone ukunyakaza kwamanje. Bheka izinhlobo zokuphendula eduze kwemihlangano ye-ECB, i-PMI yaseJalimane nedatha yokuqhamuka kwentengo, kanye nezinzuzo ezinkulu, lapho ukuqhuma kwevolumu nezikhala kuvame ukukhomba ukushintsha komuzwa.