Amakusasa kaphethiloli (RBOB): intengo esemva kwepompo
Ishadi kulesi khasi lilandelela amakusasa e-RBOB gasoline, isilinganiso abathengi bemakethe abamele nabahlanzi abasisebenzisa ukubeka intengo yamafutha emoto e-United States. I-RBOB imele i-reformulated blendstock for oxygenate blending, ingxenye kawoyela ehlanganiswa ne-ethanol ukwenza uphethiloli oqedelele othengiswa emastesheni okugcwalisa. Ikhonteraka lamakusasa, elihweba e-NYMEX ka-CME selokhu ngo-2006, akulona uketshezi oluqondile olungena etangini lakho, kodwa lisondele isinyathelo esisodwa ngaphambili kwalo. Uma le nombolo inyakaza, intengo ozoyikhokha ekugcineni epompo ivamise ukulandela, ngokubambezeleka nangenzuzo eyengeziwe phezu kwayo.
Ukuyifunda kahle kusho ukuqonda okuyondlayo. Uphethiloli ungumkhiqizo ohlanziwe, ngakho intengo yawo iyisitaki: izindleko zowoyela ongahlanziwe, kanye nezindleko zokuguqula uwoyela ube ngamafutha, ukusakazwa, ukumaketha kanye nezintela. Imakethe yamakusasa ithwebula okokuqala okubili ngokusobala nangokushesha, okuyisizathu sokuthi abahwebi, abaphathi bezimoto, noma yimuphi ofisayo azi ngezindleko zamafutha bakubheke njengophawu oluholayo.
Yini ngempela eshayela intengo
Isihlanganiso esikhulu kunazo zonke uwoyela ongahlanziwe. Uwoyela uyimpahla eyisisekelo kaphethiloli futhi ngokuvamile isabelo esikhulu kunazo zonke sentengo yentengiso, ngokuvamile cishe ingxenye. Ngoba uwoyela uhweba emakethe yomhlaba jikelele, i-RBOB isabela ekuhlinzekeni nesidingweni somhlaba wonke, izinqumo zokukhiqiza ze-OPEC kanye nezombangazwe, hhayi kuphela lokho okwenzeka esizweni. Uma ufuna ukuqonda uphethiloli, qala ngokubheka uwoyela ongahlanziwe kuqala.
Isihlanganiso sesibili inzuzo yokuhlanza, eyaziwa emakethe njenge-crack spread. Lokhu ngumehluko phakathi kwentengo yowoyela ongahlanziwe nentengo yomkhiqizo oqedelele, futhi umele lokho ukuguqula okunye kube okunye okukubiza umhlanzi. I-crack spread ibalulekile ngoba uphethiloli ungakhuphuka ngisho noma uwoyela unganyakazi noma wehla, ngenxa nje yokuthi izinzuzo zokuhlanza zandisiwe. Umehluko omncane ucindezela abahlanzi; omkhulu ubonisa ukuhlinzeka kwamafutha okuqinile kanye nesidingo esiqinile.
Kwengezwa phezu kwalokho amandla ambalwa aphindaphindiwe. Isikhathi sokushayela ehlobo sikhuphula isidingo cishe kusukela ku-Memorial Day kuya ku-Labor Day, futhi uphethiloli wohlobo lwehlobo ubiza kakhulu ukuwukhiqiza ngoba kufanele ube ne-Reid vapor pressure ephansi ukunciphisa ukumumuka kwamafutha ekushiseni. Lokho kushintsha kuyisizathu sokuthi amakusasa e-RBOB avame ukuqala ukukhuphuka ngoMashi, kudlula kakhulu ngaphambi kokuba abashayeli baye emgwaqweni. Ukuvalwa kwamafemu okuhlanza ngenxa yezivunguvungu zaseGulf Coast, izivunguvungu zomqando, noma ukulungiswa okungahleliwe kungakhipha ukuhlinzeka ngokushesha, futhi ngisho nengozi yokuvalwa ingakhuphula amakusasa ngamandla. Ekugcineni, imibiko yezitoko ye-EIA yamasonto onke mayelana nezitoko zikaphethiloli isebenza njengesigqi esiqhubekayo semininingwane yokuhlinzeka esisusa intengo phezulu noma phansi.
Izintela nomehluko phakathi kwamakusasa nepompo
Into eyodwa ishadi lamakusasa elingayibonisi intela. E-US, intela kahulumeni kaphethiloli ingu-18.4 amasenti nge-gallon, futhi izintela zezifundazwe ziyahluka kakhulu, kusukela emananini ambalwa amanye amazwe kuya ngaphezu kwama-70 amasenti nge-gallon eCalifornia. Izintela zikahulumeni nezezifundazwe zihlangene zilinganisela cishe uhhafu wedola nge-gallon. Izintela ngokuvamile azishintshi kakhulu, ngakho azibangeli inyakazo yansuku zonke, kodwa zichaza kungani intengo efanayo ye-RBOB iguqukela emanani epompo ahluke kakhulu ezindaweni ezahlukene.
Ukubambezeleka omunye umqondo obalulekile. Amakusasa anyakaza ngesikhathi sangempela, kodwa amanani entengiso ashintsha kancane ngoba amafutha ahamba ngeketango labathengisi, izikhungo namastesheni okwakuthenge ngamanani angaphambili. Njengesu elivamile, ukushintsha okuqhubekayo ku-RBOB kuthatha izinsuku kuya kwamasonto amabili ukubonakala epompo, futhi amastesheni avame ukudlulisela ukukhuphuka ngokushesha kunokudlulisela ukwehla. Ngakho ukukhula kuleli shadi kuyisexwayiso sokuqala, hhayi ukubonakalisa okushesha kwalokho ozokukhokha kusasa.
Ukufunda ishadi kanjani
Ishadi eliphilayo le-TradingView elingenhla lidwebe amakusasa e-RBOB ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kanti isifinyezo sokuhlaziya kobuchwepheshe sinciphisa izinkomba ezivamile ekufundeni okusheshayo. Shintsha izikhathi ukuze kuhambisane nombuzo wakho: ukubuka usuku olulodwa kuthwebula ukusabela embikweni wezitoko noma esihlokweni sesikhungo sokuhlanza, kanti ukubuka izinyanga eziningana kuveza isimo senkathi, ngokuvamile ukukhuphuka entwasahlobo kuya ehlobo kanye nokufiphala ekwindla. I-candle ngayinye ibonisa ukuvula, ukuvala, amazinga aphakeme naphansi esikhathini sayo; umzimba uwuhla lokuvula-kuya-kokuvala kanti izicu zimaka amazinga aphelele. Uchungechunge lwamazinga aphakeme kunaphambili nawo aphansi kunaphambili lubonisa umkhondo ukhuphuka.
Ukuqonda okuthile, qhathanisa i-RBOB nowoyela ongahlanziwe kusikrini esifanayo. Uma zinyakaza ndawonye, uwoyela uyashayela. Uma uphethiloli ushiya ngemuva, i-crack spread iyanda futhi ukuhlanza kuyindaba. Ungabhrawuza yonke into ekhasini lethu le-zonke izimakethe ukuze ubeke amashadi ahlobene eceleni kwenye.
Ulwazi kuphela. Akukho lutho kulesi khasi olulingana neseluleko sotshalomali, futhi imininingwane yemakethe ingabambezeleka noma ingaphelele. Yenza ucwaningo lwakho ngaphambi kokuthatha noma yisiphi isinqumo sezezimali.
Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa
I-RBOB gasoline iyini?
I-RBOB imele i-reformulated blendstock for oxygenate blending, isisekelo sowoyela esihlanganiswa ne-ethanol ukwenza uphethiloli oqedelele. Amakusasa e-RBOB, ahweba e-NYMEX, aluyona isilinganiso esiyinhloko saseMelika sentengo yephethiloli lentengiso.
Ingabe intengo yamakusasa ilingana nentengo yepompo?
Cha. Intengo yamakusasa iyintengiso futhi ayifaki ukusakazwa, ukumaketha kanye nezintela. Intengo yepompo yengeza lezo zindleko phezu kwayo, ngakho njalo iphakeme futhi ishintsha kancane kunaleli shadi.
Kungani amanani ephethiloli ekhuphuka ehlobo?
Isidingo siyakhuphuka ngesikhathi sokushayela ehlobo, futhi uphethiloli wohlobo lwehlobo ubiza kakhulu ukuwuhlanza ngoba kufanele ube ne-vapor pressure ephansi. Amakusasa e-RBOB avame ukuqala ukukhuphuka entwasahlobo ngaphambi kwalokho kushintsha.
I-crack spread iyini?
I-crack spread umehluko phakathi kwentengo yowoyela ongahlanziwe nentengo yemikhiqizo ehlanziwe njengephethiloli. Ibonisa inzuzo yokuhlanza futhi ingakhuphula uphethiloli ngisho noma uwoyela unganyakazi.
Kudlula isikhathi esingakanani ukushintsha kwamakusasa kufinyelele epompo?
Ngokuvamile izinsuku ezimbalwa kuya kwamasonto amabili. Amafutha adlula kubathengisi nasezikhungweni ezazithenge ngaphambilini, futhi amastesheni avame ukudlulisela ukukhuphuka kwentengo ngokushesha kunokwehla.
Ingabe konke lokhu kuyiseluleko sotshalomali?
Cha. I-speedor.net ibonisa imininingwane yemakethe namashadi ngenhloso yolwazi kuphela. Njalo yenza ucwaningo lwakho futhi ucabangele iseluleko sochwepheshe ngaphambi kokuthatha izinqumo zezezimali.