Uhlu Lwama-Emoji: Kopisha Bese Unamathisela

Uhlu lwe-emoji, futhi loyo miqondiso emincane empeleni iyini

Ama-emoji abonakala njengezithombe ezincane, kodwa ngokobuchwepheshe angumbhalo. Isimo somoya ngasinye, inhliziyo, isilwane, kanye nefulegi olishaya kumlayezo wakho uwuhlamvu oluchazwe yi-Unicode Standard — uhlelo lomhlaba wonke olufanayo olucacisa uhlamvu A, idijithi 7, kanye nokhefana. Igama uqobo livela esiJapane, lihlanganisa i-e (isithombe) ne-moji (uhlamvu), futhi yikho kanye i-emoji: uhlamvu lwesithombe. Ngoba angamahlamvu esikhundleni sezithombe, ungawakopisha uwanamathisele njengawo wonke omunye umbhalo, uwathumele engxoxweni, uwafake egameni lefayela, noma uwafake kuseli lespredishithi. Leli khasi luwuhlu lwe-emoji olungasesha ongakopisha kulo ngqo: thola uphawu olufuna, ucindezele ukukukopisha, bese ukunamathisela lapho ukudinga khona. Kusukela ku-Unicode 17.0 kunama-emoji angu-3,953 ongakhetha kuwo, futhi amasha afika iminyaka eminingi.

Amaqanda akhanyayo engazinikhinjilizi ayisimo somoya nezimpawu antanta esizindeni esimnyama se-indigo sikhanyiswa ukukhanya kwe-cyan negolide — I-emoji ngayinye iwuhlamvu lwe-Unicode, hhayi ifayela lesithombe — yingakho ungakwazi ukukopisha nokunamathisela njengombhalo.

Indlela ukukopisha nokunamathisela okusebenza ngayo ngempela

Uma ukopisha i-emoji kulolu hlu, idivayisi yakho ayikopishi isithombe. Ikopisha iphoyinti lekhodi le-Unicode elingaphansi — inombolo enjenge-U+1F600 yobuso obumamathekayo. Uma unamathisela leliya phoyinti lekhodi kolunye uhlelo lokusebenza, lolo hlelo lubheka inombolo bese linikeza inguqulo yalo yophawu lisebenzisa noma iyiphi ifonti ye-emoji elifakelwe. Yingakho i-emoji efanayo ihamba kahle phakathi kwefoni, ilaptop, iwebhusayithi, kanye nohlelo lokuxoxa: uhlamvu luhamba umhlaba wonke, kuphela ukudweba yikho okuseceleni. Kudeskithophu ungakopisha ngezinqumo ezijwayelekile zekhibhodi (Ctrl+C ku-Windows noma i-Linux, Cmd+C ku-Mac) bese unamathisela nge-Ctrl+V noma i-Cmd+V. Kufoni, ukucindezela kukopishe kulandelwe ukubamba isikhathi eside bese "unamathisela" kwenza into efanayo. Ngoba ama-emoji angumbhalo nje, futhi asebenza nasezindaweni ezingenayo ikhibhodi ye-emoji nakancane — ukunamathisela kuvamise ukuba yindlela esheshayo kunazo zonke.

Kungani i-emoji efanayo ibonakala ihlukile ku-iOS, i-Android, ne-Windows

Nakhu okumangalisa abantu. I-Unicode ichaza ukuthi yiziphi ama-emoji akhona futhi cishe ukuthi ngasinye simele ini, kodwa ngamabomu ayibeki umbono oqondile wobuciko. Ipulatifomu ngayinye idweba eyayo isethi. I-Apple idizayina i-emoji oyibona ku-iOS ne-macOS, i-Google idizayina lezo ku-Android, i-Microsoft idizayina isethi ye-Windows, futhi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinjenge-WhatsApp, i-Samsung, ne-Telegram nazo zithumela ubuciko bazo. Ngakho "ubuso obumamathekayo obunamehlo amamathekayo" owuthumela ku-iPhone ungase ufike ubonakala kancane — noma ngezinye izikhathi ngendlela ephawulekayo — kuhlukile ku-Android, nakuba kunohlamvu olufanayo ngaphansi. Indaba yesixwayiso esidume kakhulu i-emoji yesibhamu, lapho abanye abathengisi bayidweba kabusha njengesibhamu samanzi esingelutho ingozi kuyilapho abanye begcina isimo sangempela, kwesinye isikhathi kushintsha umoya womlayezo ngokuphelele. Isifundo: umamukeli ubona umdwebo wepulatifomu yakhe, hhayi eyakho. Uma incazelo ibalulekile, ncika ezimpawini eziqondwa kabanzi esikhundleni sezingaziwa kangako.

Izigaba ze-emoji

Ukwenza uhlu lwezimpawu eziseduze nezinkulungwane ezine lusetshenziseke, i-Unicode ihlela ama-emoji ezigabeni ezibanzi. Iningi lezikhethi ze-emoji namawebhusayithi wereferensi alandela isakhiwo esifanayo:

Izimamatheka nomoya — ubuso, izitshengiselo, izinhliziyo, kanye nezitshengiselo zesandla, iqembu elisetshenziswa kakhulu kunawo wonke.
Abantu nomzimba — izithombe, imisebenzi, imindeni, kanye nezitshengiselo, eziningi zinemibala yesikhumba nokuguqulwa kobulili.
Izilwane nemvelo — izidalwa, izitshalo, isimo sezulu, kanye nenyanga nezinkanyezi.
Ukudla nokuphuza — izithelo, ukudla, izidlo ezincane, kanye neziphuzo.
Ukuhamba nezindawo — izimoto, izakhiwo, amamephu, kanye nezindawo ezidumile.
Imisebenzi — ezemidlalo, imidlalo, imigubho, kanye nezobuciko.
Izinto — amathuluzi, amadivayisi, izingubo, kanye nezinto zasekhaya.
Izimpawu — imicibisholo, izimpawu, izinhliziyo, izoni, kanye nemiphawu efana nokubhala.
Amafulegi — amafulegi kazwelonke nawesifunda kanye nemibhali embalwa ekhethekile.

Okufanele ukukhumbule: i-Unicode ibhala ama-emoji ngokusekelwe ekubukekeni kwawo okubanzi, hhayi incazelo eqinile. Uphawu oluthile lungasho izinto ezehlukene kuzilimi, amasiko, nemiphakathi eku-inthanethi, futhi lezo zincazelo ziyaguquka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngakho "incazelo" ye-emoji empeleni iyincazelo edumile, hhayi incazelo esemthethweni.

Igridi ekhanyayo yamathayela wemiqondiso engazinikhinjilizi ngombala we-cyan negolide phezu kwesizinda esiwumbala we-navy omnyama, akukho zinhlamvu — Izinkulungwane zama-emoji, ahlelwe ezigabeni ezimbalwa ezibanzi ongazisesha uzisheshise.

I-emoji nokufinyeleleka

Ngoba ama-emoji angumbhalo, izinsizi zokufunda esikrinini ziyawamemezela ngamagama azo asemthethweni. Ubuso obumamathekayo bufundwa ngokuthi "ubuso obumamathekayo," futhi izinto ezithathu zomgubho emgqeni zifundwa ngokuthi "into yomgubho, into yomgubho, into yomgubho." Lokho kuyasiza, kodwa kulula ukukwenza ngokweqile. Umlayezo ophela ngezinkanyezi eziyishumi nambili uphenduka isaziso eside, esiphindaphindekayo komuntu osebenzisa isinsizi sokufunda esikrinini. Umkhuba omuhle, ofinyeleleka kubantu bonke, ukubeka ama-emoji ekugcineni komusho esikhundleni sasenkabeni, ugweme ukuwasebenzisa esikhundleni samagama abalulekile, futhi ungabuthelezi amaningi afanayo emgqeni owodwa. Uma esetshenziswa ngobuhlakani, ama-emoji engeza ubushushu nomoya; uma eba udonga lwemiqondiso, aba umsindo kunoma ubani olalele esikhundleni sokufunda.

Ufuna ukuqhubeka nokuhlola umbhalo nemiqondiso? Bheka amathebula wethu wereferensi ngezinhlelo zezinhlamvu namakhodi, noma uzame i-isikhiqizi sombhalo ohlotshisiwe ukustayela amagama alula nge-Unicode ehlotshisiwe.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa

Ama-emoji ayizithombe noma angumbhalo?

Angumbhalo. I-emoji ngayinye iwuhlamvu oluchazwe yi-Unicode Standard, ngakho ungakopisha, unamathisele, uthumele njengoba unjalo noma iliphi ihlamvu noma inombolo. Idivayisi yakho iyaludweba lisebenzisa ifonti ye-emoji.

Kungani i-emoji ibonakala ihlukile efonini yomngane wami?

I-Unicode ichaza ukuthi yiziphi ama-emoji akhona, kodwa ipulatifomu ngayinye idweba obwayo ubuciko. I-Apple, i-Google, i-Microsoft, i-Samsung, kanye nabanye bonke badizayina ezabo izethi, ngakho uhlamvu olufanayo lungabonakala ngokwehlukile ku-iOS, i-Android, ne-Windows.

Ngikopisha futhi nginamathisela kanjani i-emoji kulolu hlu?

Cindezela noma uthinte i-emoji ukuyikopisha, bese uyinamathisela lapho ukufuna khona nge-Ctrl+V ku-Windows noma i-Linux, noma i-Cmd+V ku-Mac. Kufoni, bamba isikhathi eside bese ukhetha "namathisela."

Angaki ama-emoji akhona?

I-Unicode 17.0 icacisa ama-emoji angu-3,953. Isamba siyanda ngokuhamba kwesikhathi njengoba amasha engezwa kubuyekezo obenzeka cishe minyaka yonke kwi-Unicode Standard.

Ama-emoji anazo yini izincazelo ezisemthethweni?

Cha ngempela. I-Unicode ibhala ama-emoji ngokusekelwe ekubukekeni kwawo okubanzi, hhayi incazelo eqinile. Izincazelo ziyahluka ngokuya ngolimi, isiko, kanye nomphakathi, futhi ngokuvamile ziyaguquka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Izinsizi zokufunda esikrinini zingayifunda yini i-emoji?

Yebo. Izinsizi zokufunda esikrinini zimemezela i-emoji ngayinye ngegama layo elisemthethweni le-Unicode. Ngenxa yalokhu, kungcono ukusebenzisa ama-emoji ngokulinganisela futhi uwabeke ekugcineni komusho ukuze umbhalo okhulunywayo uhlale ucacile.