I-Nasdaq 100: isikhombisi esinzima kwezobuchwepheshe esibeka isivinini samasheya akhulayo
I-Nasdaq 100 iyisikhombisi izimakethe ezisibhekayo lapho zifuna ukwazi ukuthi amasheya ezobuchwepheshe nawokukhula enziwa kanjani. Ilandelela izinkampani ezingu-100 ezikhulu kunazo zonke ezingezona ezezimali ezibhalisiwe ku-Nasdaq stock exchange - amabhizinisi akha ama-chip, isoftware, ama-cloud platform, kanye nemikhiqizo ebusa impilo yesimanje. Ishadi eliphila le-TradingView elingenhla lilandelela isikhombisi ngesikhathi sangempela, ngakho ungabona indlela isabela ngayo enzuzweni yezobuchwepheshe, izindaba zamazinga enzalo, kanye nezinguquko emoyeni wabatshalizimali. Leli khasi lichaza ukuthi i-Nasdaq 100 iyini ngempela, ihlukile kanjani ne-S&P 500 ne-Nasdaq Composite, kungani ivame ukuguquguquka kakhulu, yini eyishukumisayo, kanye nendlela yokufunda ishadi ngokwakho.
I-Nasdaq 100 iyini
Yasungulwa ngo-1985, i-Nasdaq 100 (uphawu NDX) iyisikhombisi esiguqukile esilinganiswa ngenani lemakethe sezinkampani ezingu-100 ezikhulu kunazo zonke ezingezona ezezimali ku-Nasdaq exchange. Igama elithi "ezingezona ezezimali" libalulekile: ngokwakhiwa livimba amabhange, izinkampani zomshwalense, kanye namanye amafemu ezezimali. Okusele uhla olubuswa yizobuchwepheshe, kodwa futhi lubandakanya izinsizakalo zabathengi, ezempilo nezokwelapha, kanye nezokuxhumana. Ngoba lilinganiswa ngenani lemakethe, izinkampani ezikhulu kunazo zonke zinomthelela omkhulu kakhulu kunezincane, futhi amagama ambalwa amakhulu kunawo wonke - njengo-Apple, Microsoft, Nvidia, Amazon, ne-Alphabet - abalwa ngengxenye enkulu yaso sonke isikhombisi.
Lokho kugxila yikho into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele iqondwe nge-Nasdaq 100. Uma izinkampani ezobuchwepheshe ezikhulu kunazo zonke zikhuphuka, isikhombisi sivame ukukhuphuka ngisho noma amalungu amaningi amancane engahlukile. Uma lezo zimbongolo zikhubeka, sonke isikhombisi singawa kanzima. Yingakho abantu bevame ukubheka i-Nasdaq 100 njengesibonisi sempilo yomkhakha wezobuchwepheshe nesifiso sokutshala ekukhuleni ngokubanzi.
I-Nasdaq 100 uma iqhathaniswa ne-S&P 500
I-S&P 500 imboza izinkampani ezingu-500 ezikhulu kunazo zonke zase-US kuyo yonke imikhakha, kuhlanganise nezezimali, futhi ibonwa ngokubanzi njengombono obanzi kunayo yonke wemakethe yamasheya yaseMelika. I-Nasdaq 100 incane futhi izinze kakhulu. Okuthakazelisayo, ukugudlana kukhulu - cishe amaphesenti angu-85 amalungu e-Nasdaq 100 futhi akhona ku-S&P 500 - kodwa izisindo zihluke kakhulu. I-Nasdaq 100 ithambekele kakhulu ezobuchwepheshe nasekukhuleni, ingenawo amasheya ezezimali okulinganisa lokho.
Lokho kuthambekela kuvela ekuziphatheni. Izinkampani ze-Nasdaq 100 zisebenzisa ingxenye enkulu kakhulu yentengiso yazo ku-research and development - cishe amaphesenti angu-11 kuya ku-12, kunalapho izinga liqondene ne-9% ye-S&P 500 - okudlulisela indlela isikhombisi esigxile kakhulu ekukhuleni. Ngokomlando, i-Nasdaq 100 idlule i-S&P 500 esikhathini eside, ikakhulukazi eminyakeni engamashumi amabili edlule, kodwa yenzile lokho ngezinyakazo ezinkulu zombili izinhlangothi. Ukuqhathanisa ungavula ikhasi eliphilayo leS&P 500 ubuke indlela izikhombisi ezimbili ezihamba ngayo ndawonye izinsuku eziningi kodwa zehlukane uma ezobuchwepheshe zihola noma zisala.
Kanti i-Nasdaq Composite?
Abantu bavame ukudida i-Nasdaq 100 ne-Nasdaq Composite. I-Composite ibanzi kakhulu: ihlanganisa cishe wonke amasheya abhalisiwe ku-Nasdaq exchange - izinkulungwane zezinkampani, kuhlanganise nezincane nezezimali. I-Nasdaq 100 iyingxenye ekhethiwe yamagama amakhulu kunawo wonke angeyona ezezimali. Ngakho i-Composite inikeza umbono obanzi kuyo yonke imakethe ye-Nasdaq, kuyilapho i-Nasdaq 100 iyisikali esincane kakhulu, esishukunyiswa amagama amakhulu kunawo wonke esilandelwa amakhontrakthi amaningi e-futures, ama-ETF, kanye nabahwebi.
Kungani izinzile kakhulu ekukhuleni futhi iguquguquka
Izici ezimbili zenza i-Nasdaq 100 iguquguquke kakhulu kunesikhombisi esibanzi. Okokuqala umxube womkhakha: izobuchwepheshe zodwa zingaba cishe amaphesenti angu-60 kuya ku-70 esisindo sesikhombisi, ngakho ayinaso isondlo esinikezwa imikhakha evikelekile njenge-utilities noma consumer staples kwenye indawo. Okwesibili ubunjalo bamasheya akhulayo ngokwawo. Lezi zinkampani zilinganiswa kakhulu ngenzuzo elindelekile esikhathini esizayo esikude, hhayi ngemali ephethe namuhla. Lokho kwenza amanani amasheya azo aphenduke ngokungajwayelekile kunoma yini eshintsha indlela abatshalizimali abehlisa ngayo inzuzo yesikhathi esizayo - ikakhulukazi, amazinga enzalo.
Yini eshukumisa i-Nasdaq 100
Amazinga enzalo. Lokhu kungenzeka kube umkhono onamandla kakhulu. Uma amazinga ekhuphuka, inzuzo yesikhathi esizayo iba nenani elincane ngezinsuku zanamuhla, futhi amasheya akhulayo alinganiswe ngenani eliphakeme aba ngaphansi kwengcindezi. Uma amazinga ewa, leyo nzuzo efanayo yesikhathi esizayo ibonakala ithandeka kakhulu futhi amasheya ezobuchwepheshe avame ukundiza. Abahwebi ngakho babheka imibiko yokwenyuka kwamanani, imininingwane yemisebenzi, kanye namaphawu e-Federal Reserve ngokuseduze bezama ukuthola izinkomba zokuthi amazinga aya ngakuphi.
Inzuzo yezobuchwepheshe ezinkulu. Ngoba amagama ambalwa amakhulu kunawo wonke abusa isisindo, imiphumela yawo yekota ingashukumisa sonke isikhombisi. Izibalo eziqinile ezivela ku-Nvidia, Apple, Microsoft, noma Amazon zingakhuphula yonke i-Nasdaq 100, kuyilapho umbiko owodwa oyeqisayo - noma ingcindezi entsha yemithetho - ingayidonsela phansi.
Isisindo samagama amakhulu kunawo wonke ngokwawo. Ukugxila kusebenza ngezindlela ezimbili. Sikhuphule inzuzo enkulu ngesikhathi sokuqubuka kwezobuchwepheshe, kodwa futhi kusho ukuthi isikhombisi sivezwe ezinhlanhleni zeqoqo elincane lezinkampani. Izihloko ezifana ne-artificial intelligence zingasheshe zibe indaba ebusayo yesikhombisi.
Umuzwa obanzi. Ukufisa ubungozi, imininingwane yomnotho, kanye nezenzakalo zomhlaba jikelele konke kudlulela endleleni abatshalizimali abalinganisa ngayo ukukhula. Uma izimakethe zijika ziqaphele, i-Nasdaq 100 ivame ukuwa ngokushesha kunezikhombisi ezibanzi; uma ukuthemba kubuya, ivame ukuhola ukubuya.
Indlela yokufunda ishadi
Qala ngesikhathi. Ukubuka kwesonto noma kwenyanga kubonisa ukukhula kwesikhathi eside kanye nokwehla okukhulu; ukubuka phakathi nosuku kubonisa ukusabela ezihlokweni ezintsha nenzuzo. Qaphela ukuthi ishadi lingase lilandelele isikhombisi semali, i-futures, noma i-ETF ehlobene, futhi lezi zingahluka kancane ngentengo nangamahora okuhweba. Bheka amazinga lapho isikhombisi siye saguquka khona ngokuphindaphindiwe esikhathini esidlule - lezo zizindawo zokusekela nokuphikisana zivame ukubaluleka futhi. Ukuguquguquka kuvame ukwenyuka eduze kwemihlangano ye-Fed, ukukhishwa kwemininingwane yokwenyuka kwamanani e-US, kanye nenzuzo yamalungu amakhulu kunawo wonke. Ukuze uthole umongo obanzi, ungahlola zonke izimakethe ukubona indlela i-Nasdaq 100 ehlala ngayo eqhathaniswa nezinye izikhombisi, izimali, kanye nemali yedijithali.
Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa
Iyini i-Nasdaq 100?
Isikhombisi samasheya sezinkampani ezingu-100 ezikhulu kunazo zonke ezingezona ezezimali ezibhalisiwe ku-Nasdaq exchange. Silinganiswa ngenani lemakethe futhi sigxile kakhulu ezobuchwepheshe, ngakho sisetshenziswa kakhulu njengesikali sokukhula namasheya ezobuchwepheshe.
I-Nasdaq 100 ihlukile kanjani ne-S&P 500?
I-S&P 500 iphethe izinkampani ezingu-500 kuyo yonke imikhakha, kuhlanganise nezezimali, futhi ibanzi kakhulu futhi ihlukahlukene kakhulu. I-Nasdaq 100 iphethe amagama angu-100 angeyona ezezimali anokuthambekela okukhulu kakhulu ezobuchwepheshe nasekukhuleni, okuyenza iguquguquke kakhulu.
Iyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Nasdaq 100 ne-Nasdaq Composite?
I-Nasdaq Composite ihlanganisa cishe wonke amasheya abhalisiwe ku-Nasdaq exchange - izinkulungwane zezinkampani. I-Nasdaq 100 iyingxenye ekhethiwe yamalungu angu-100 amakhulu kunawo wonke angeyona ezezimali, ngakho incane futhi ishukunyiswa kakhulu amagama amakhulu.
Kungani i-Nasdaq 100 iguquguquka kangaka?
Igxile ezobuchwepheshe namasheya akhulayo, alinganiswa ngenzuzo yesikhathi esizayo. Lokho kuwenza abe nezwela kakhulu emazingeni enzalo nasemoyeni wabatshalizimali, futhi ukushoda kwemikhakha evikelekile kususa isondlo esinaso izikhombisi ezibanzi.
Yini eshukumisa i-Nasdaq 100 kakhulu?
Ukulindelwa kwamazinga enzalo kanye nenzuzo yezobuchwepheshe ezinkulu yimikhono ehola. Ngoba izinkampani ezimbalwa ezinkulu kunazo zonke ziphethe isisindo esikhulu, imiphumela yazo ingashukumisa sonke isikhombisi, futhi izinguquko zamazinga zishintsha indlela imakethe elinganisa ngayo ukukhula kwesikhathi esizayo.
Ngingakwazi ukutshala ngqo ku-Nasdaq 100?
Awukwazi ukuthenga isikhombisi ngokwaso, kodwa ama-ETF namafunda amaningi ahlose ukulandela i-Nasdaq 100, futhi ama-futures nama-option kuyo ahwebelwa kabanzi. Inketho efanele incike ezinhlosweni zakho, futhi leli khasi lokwaziswa kuphela, hhayi iseluleko.
Lesi sihloko sokwaziswa kuphela futhi akulona iseluleko sokutshala imali. I-Nasdaq 100 ingaguquguquka futhi ukusebenza kwangaphambilini akuqinisekisi imiphumela yesikhathi esizayo. Yenza ucwaningo lwakho ngaphambi kokwenza noma yisiphi isinqumo sezezimali.