Guqula ama-vector we-SVG anwebekayo abe izithombe ze-PNG ezilungele ukusetshenziswa
Ifayela le-SVG liwuqoqo lemiyalelo, hhayi isithombe esiphelele. Vula elinye kusihleli sombhalo futhi uzothola i-XML echaza izindlela, izimo, ukugcwaliswa nemigwaqo egobile — irisayipi elandelwa isiphequluli ukudweba umsebenzi wobuciko kabusha kunoma yisiphi isilinganiso osicelayo. I-PNG iyona nto ephambene: uhlaka lwamaphikseli anemibala afikelwe ngababanzi nabude okumisiwe. Ukuguqula elinye libe elinye kubizwa ngokuthi i-rasterization, futhi leli thuluzi likwenza ngokugcwele ngaphakathi kusiphequluli sakho. Ukhetha usayizi wokuphuma, i-SVG idwetshwa kuyi-canvas ye-HTML, kanti i-PNG iyabuya — alikho ifayela eliphuma kudivayisi lakho.
I-Vector naphambene ne-raster, ngamazwi alula
Umehluko oyinhloko wukuthi isilinganiso siphathwa kanjani. Ngoba i-SVG igcina izibalo hhayi amaphikseli, ayincikile esilinganisweni: khulisa uphawu lwenkampani (logo) usuka kokuncane oluye kwibhodi elikhulu futhi wonke umphetho ubuyekezwa kabusha ngezibalo ukuze uhlale ubukhali ngokwezibalo. I-PNG ayinayo leyo nkululeko. Amaphikseli ayo abekiwe, ngakho ukukhulisa ngale kwesilinganiso saso sokwemvelo kuphoqa lowo obukayo ukuthi anwebe amachaphaza asele khona, futhi uqala ukubona ukungacaci nokunyakaza okwenza izithombe ze-raster zibonakale.
Lokho kuqinisekisa kusebenza kokubili izinhlangothi. Ama-vector awabekekile kokhiya, amaphawu, nemidwebo eyisicaba eyakhiwe ngezimo ezicacile, futhi amafayela ngokuvamile amancane kakhulu. Amafomethi e-raster afana ne-PNG aphatha ukuguquka kwemibala, imithunzi ethambile, nemininingwane yezithombe ngendlela evamile kakhulu, futhi — okubalulekile — aqondwa yicishe yonke into. Uma u-rasterizer, uthengisa ukwanda okungapheli kwe-SVG ngokuvumelana okubanzi kwe-PNG kusilinganiso esisodwa okhethiwe.
Kungani u-rasterize i-SVG nakanjani
Uma i-SVG inwebeka kahle kangaka, kungani uyiguqula? Ukuvumelana yimpendulo evamile. Izindawo eziningi azamukeli i-SVG nhlobo: amaklayenti amaningi we-imeyili awasusi noma anqabe ukudweba, izihleli zamadokhumenti nesoftware yeziboniso ngokuvamile zifuna isithombe esiyisicaba, imakethe namanethiwekhi ezikhangisayo afuna i-PNG noma i-JPG, futhi izinkundla eziningi zokuxhumana ziyaziphutha izilayisho ze-vector. Ezinye izinhlelo zokuqukethwe futhi zivimba i-SVG ngokuphelele ngezizathu zokuphepha, ngoba ifomethi ingafaka amaskripti.
Isizathu sesibili wukuthi kwesinye isikhathi ufuna impahla yosayizi omisiwe. Amaphawu we-app, izithombe ezincane (thumbnails), izithombe zangaphambili ze-Open Graph, kanye nemibhalo ephrintiwe konke kulindele izilinganiso zamaphikseli ezicacile. I-PNG ivimba umsebenzi wobuciko kulowo mgomo ukuze udwebeke ngokufanayo noma kuphi, ngaphandle kwezimanga eziphuma kumbukeli ohumusha i-vector ngendlela ehlukile. Ukuguqula umthombo wakho we-SVG ube yizilinganiso ezicacile ezidingwa yinkundla kaningi kuyindlela ehlanzekile kakhulu yomphumela ovumelanayo.
Ukukhetha isilinganiso esifanele sokukhipha
Ngoba i-PNG ayikwazi ukukhula kahle, usayizi owukhipha ngawo ubaluleke kakhulu kunanoma iyiphi i-vector. Ukhiphe encane kakhulu futhi isithombe sibukeke sithambile ezikrinini zesimanje; ukhiphe likhulu ngokungadingekile futhi uchitha idatha. Umthetho olula: nquma usayizi omkhulu kunazo zonke isithombe esizoke sibonakale ngawo, bese udwebe okungenani lokho, futhi kungcono ngaphezulu kwezibuko ezinamaphikseli amaningi (high-density displays).
Izikrini ezivamile zilungile ku-1x — usayizi wemvelo womsebenzi wobuciko. Izibuko ze-High-DPI ne-Retina zihlanganisa cishe kabili amaphikseli endaweni efanayo, ngakho ukukhishwa okungu-2x kugcina okhiya nemidwebo ibukhali kunokuba nokudida. Kokuphrintiwe, izinsika, noma izibuko ezikhulu kakhulu, u-3x noma u-4x ukunikeza isikhala. Ngoba umthombo uyi-vector, ukukhipha okukhulu akuchithi lutho ekhwalithini — imigwaqo egobile ivele iyabuyekezwa kabusha ngenani eliphakeme lamaphikseli ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe kube yisicaba. Uma ungaqiniseki, dweba usayizi omkhulu; ungakwazi njalo ukwenza i-PNG enkulu ibe ncane, kodwa awusoze wabuyisela imininingwane ngokukhulisa encane.
Ukungabonakali kuhamba nendlela
I-PNG isekela indlela egcwele yokungabonakali (alpha channel), okusho ukuthi ukungabonakali kuyaphila ekuguquleni. Uma i-SVG yakho ingenayo indawo yasemuva egcwaliswayo, i-PNG efikayo igcina lezo zindawo zingabonakali, ngakho uphawu lwenkampani noma uphawu luwela ngokuhlanzekile kunoma imuphi umbala ngaphandle kwebhokisi elimhlophe elibi elizungezayo. Uma udinga indawo yasemuva eqinile kunalokho, nikeza i-SVG enye ngaphambi kokuguqula. Kunoma iyiphi indlela, lokho okubona ku-vector yikho i-PNG ezokugcina, okuyisizathu sokuthi kungani i-PNG — hhayi i-JPG — iyona nqubo yemvelo yokhiya, amabheji, nezingeso.
Konke kuhlala kudivayisi lakho
Lesi siguquli sisebenza njengekhodi yendawo kusiphequluli sakho usebenzisa i-canvas API. I-SVG yakho iyafundwa, idwetshwe, futhi ikhishwe ngaphandle kokuthunyelwa nanini kuseva, ngakho akukho ukulayisha, akukho ulayini olindile futhi akukho khophi yomsebenzi wakho wobuciko ehlala kugcino lomunye umuntu. Lokho kuyashesha kuwe futhi kuphephile kunoma yini ongafisi ukuyinikeza umuntu wesithathu, kusukela ekwakhiweni kwenkampani okusakabekeke kuze kufike emidwebo yangaphakathi. Uma usuqedile lapha, hlola konke okunye kuma-mathuluzi ezithombe ethu — uma wakha impahla ye-Windows noma ye-favicon, isiguquli se-PNG ukuya ku-ICO siyisinyathelo esilandelayo esejwayelekile.
Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa
I-PNG izobukeka ibukhali njenge-SVG?
Kusayizi owukhiphayo, yebo. Ngoba i-vector idwetshwa kabusha entsha esilinganisweni osikhethile, imiphetho ihlala icacile. Umehluko wukuthi i-PNG ayikwazi ukukhuliswa kamuva ngaphandle kokudida, kanti i-SVG yokuqala yayihlale ikwazi.
Ukuguqula kugcina ukungabonakali?
Kuyakwenza. I-PNG inendlela yokungabonakali (alpha channel), ngakho noma yiziphi izindawo ezingabonakali ku-SVG yakho zisala zingabonakali ku-PNG. Yengeza indawo yasemuva ku-SVG kuqala uma ufuna ukugcwaliswa okuqinile kunalokho.
Yisiphi isilinganiso okumele ngisikhethe?
Fanisa noma udlule usayizi omkhulu kunazo zonke isithombe esizoboniswa. Sebenzisa i-1x kwizikrini ezivamile, i-2x kwe-Retina nezibuko ze-high-DPI, kanye ne-3x noma i-4x kokuphrintiwe noma imidwebo emikhulu kakhulu. Ukudweba okukhulu akuchithi lutho ekhwalithini ngoba umthombo uyi-vector.
Kungani ngingasebenzisi nje i-SVG endaweni yonke?
Amaklayenti amaningi e-imeyili, izihleli zamadokhumenti, imakethe, nezinkundla zokuxhumana azamukeli noma zidwebe ngokuthembekile i-SVG. I-PNG isebenza cishe noma kuphi futhi ivimba umsebenzi wobuciko kusayizi olindelekile omisiwe.
Amafayela ami ayalayishwa noma kuphi?
Cha. Konke kusebenza ngokwendawo kusiphequluli sakho. I-SVG yakho ayikaze ithunyelwe kuseva, ngakho akukho okulayishwayo, okugcinwayo, noma okulandelelwayo.
Ngingayiguqula i-PNG ibuyele ibe yi-SVG?
Hhayi ngokwethembeka. I-Rasterization ilahla izibalo zoqobo, ngakho ukubuyela emuva kusho ukulandelela amaphikseli ukuwenza abe yimigwaqo emisha ye-vector, okungavamile ukuhambisana nomthombo. Gcina i-SVG yakho yokuqala njengefayela eliyinhloko.